ELEMEN : JURNAL TEKNIK MESIN

DESIGN OF A WAVE POWER PLANT (PLTO) BASED ON BUOY MASS

Muhammad Hasan Basri — 2023-12-28

In the digital era, the need for electricity supply is very large. According to research data from the Ministry of Communication and Information, in 2019 Indonesia had a high need for electrical energy, reaching 50,000 Mega Watts. Fulfillment of renewable energy such as PLTO in Indonesia's maritime areas is still very possible. The aim of this research is to design a PLTO device using the cylinder float method on a small scale. Ocean waves will move the buoy up and down and move a series of gears and generators. The amount of lifting power (buoyancy) is influenced by the dimensions (length and width) of the cylinder float. The dimensions (length and location of inertia) of the arm also determine the amount of torque to rotate the gearbox and generator. From the results of the float mass-based PLTO design, it can be seen that on the first day of data collection the highest voltage was 16.06 V, current 0.66 A and electrical power 10.59 W, on the second day the highest voltage was 18.2 V, current 0.66 A and power electricity 10.53 W.

OPTIMIZATION OF INJECTION MOLDING MACHINE PARAMETERS AGAINST SHORT SHOT DEFECTS USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY

M. Hikam Muddin — 2023-12-29

In the case study at PT XYZ Pasuruan, there is a preform production in the packaging section using an injection molding machine with the brand SIPA XFORM 500 using PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) material. In February-April 2023, there were cases of short-shot defects in as many as 20,737 pcs of preform products. The method used in this study is RSM (Response surface methodology) by calculating using minitab21 software based on Box-Behnken experimental design. The independent variables used consisted of temperature (280 °C, 283 °C, and 285 °C), holding pressure (65 bar, 67 bar, 70 bar), and cooling time (1.8 s, 1.9 s, 2 s) so that 15 runs of experiments were obtained. From the optimization results, a temperature of 285 °C, a holding pressure of 70 bar, and a cooling time of 1.8 s. The resulting variable short-shot response of -0.0128 with a desirability value of 1.0 indicates that the program is increasingly able to produce the desired product perfectly.

ANALYSIS OF POWER CONSUMPTION AND MASS FLOW RATE IN THE RECYCLING PROCESS OF PLASTIC WASTE USING INJECTION MOLDING MACHINE

Shinta Tri Kismanti — 2023-12-28

The injection molding machine in this research is a vertical injection machine that is capable of processing chopped plastic bottles for drinking water into more useful products. The temperature required for HDPE plastic waste is 300℃ and requires 1035 Watts of power, while PP plastic waste uses a temperature of 164℃ with a power of 957 watts. The melt flow rate for HDPE type waste is 0.58 𝑔⁄𝑠 while for PP type waste it is 0.59𝑔⁄𝑠 so there is a difference of 0.1 𝑔⁄𝑠.

ANALYSIS OF HEAT FLOW IN THE CONDENSER AND EVAPORATOR IN WATER CHILLER COOLING SYSTEMS USING TEMPERATURE VARIATION WITH THE LMTD METHOD

Setyo Budi Santoso — 2023-12-28

As a producer of cold water in large quantities used by PT. XYZ Pasuruan to cool the room and production machines, one of the most important elements is to use a water chiller system. Success in producing cold water is supported by optimal parameter settings in the system. Less than optimal settings result in a decrease in the COP value of the water chiller system.This research was conducted to analyze the heat flow in the condenser and evaporator using temperature variations in the water chiller system. Data processing was carried out using the Logarithmic Mean Temperature Difference (LMTD) method From the results of research using temperature variations, the optimal settings for the water chiller system were obtained, namely at a temperature variation of 5⁰C with a COP of 6.1 and an LMTD value of 3.97 for the condenser and 1.49 for the evaporator.

PERFORMANCE OF SOLAR WATER PUMP (PATS) USING 12 VOLT 180 WATT DC PUMP

Adhiela Noer Syaief — 2023-12-28

The availability of solar energy has great potential for application in the agricultural sector. Electrical power from photovoltaic cells or solar panels mainly depends on sunlight at certain times. The use of this technology can be applied to pump drives in agricultural irrigation systems. In this research, we try to measure a certain time with the efficiency of components from using solar photovoltaic (SPV) with the water discharge produced by the pump on these components. From the experimental results, it was found that the best efficiency was at 14.00 WITA with an efficiency of 57% with the panel facing directly to the sun. From pump testing, it was found that the average water flow was 20.95 liters/minute. From these performance tests, Indonesia itself has sufficient levels of solar radiation to use solar panels as an alternative to sustainable resource.

OPTIMIZATION OF 600 ML BOTTLES IN BLOW MOLDING MACHINE WITH RSM (RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY)

Surya Apriyanto Surya — 2023-12-28

PT. TL Pasuruan is a company operating to produce bottled mineral water products. The type of product that is often produced is mineral water in 600 ml bottles using preform materials. The problem occurs when the material is replaced from type B to type A, the effect is that there are many defects caused by the temperature of the heater not matching the type of material used before. This research method is the Response Surface Methodology. The type of factorial design used is Box Behnken Design (BBD) with Minitab 21 software. The results obtained using Minitab software are 54 runs. The results of the study using the response surface method obtained the parameter settings for zone 1 = 164.7475℃, zone 2 = 137.8990℃, zone 3 = 74.4242℃, zone 4 = 76.8081℃, cycle time = 4.2485 (s) and blowing time = 1.250 (s). The product quality response variable is 0.6845 with a desirability of 1.000.

EXPERIMENTAL TESTING OF THE EFFECT OF VARIATIONS IN ADDING ZEOLITE ON THE PRODUCTION OF ALTERNATIVE FUEL FROM USED OIL USING THE DESTILLATION METHOD

Imron Musthofa Imron — 2023-12-28

Used oil waste increases every year, engine maintenance waste will increase. Waste oil is classified as B3 waste which requires special treatment. In the development of cities and regions, the amount of fuel used continues to increase due to the increasing number of vehicles and car engines. Even in rural areas, you can find small companies, one of which uses oil. In other words, the distribution of palm oil waste is very wide, ranging from big cities to rural areas in Indonesia. The research process was to convert used oil into constant-temperature heating oil by using a distillation process. The method used aims to find out the best results at temperatures and variations of the zeolite catalyst. 350oC produces 1005 ml of fuel in 90 minutes. While the lowest results were obtained without using a zeolite catalyst to produce 105 ml of fuel. Thus, the use of zeolite is easy and effective in weakening the bonds of the hydrocarbon chains in the oil.

ANALYSIS AND SIMULATION OF PERFORMANCE (POWER AND EFFICIENCY) ON THE TYPE U SAVONIUS SAVONIUS WIND TURBINE BLADE WITH SOFTWARE

akhmad sidiq — 2023-12-28

Increased energy needs and environmental concerns have encouraged exploration of renewable energy sources. The research was to analyze savonius' performance and design of wind turbines as an alternative to electricity generation. Wind velocity measurement in turbines is used in anemometers, as well as in their effects on energy generation potential. In design, the study analyzes the level u wind turbine framework of dimension, geometry, voltage distribution, and material resistance. A structural and safety factor calculation is done to ensure that the turbine frame can support an anticipated load without failure. In this study computes the power extracted from the wind through the turbine. From this study produce 26.6 joules of kinetic energy and a 9.60 watt output output at an efficient rate of 5.28%.

INCREASING THE QUALITY VALUE OF WATER CONTENT AND SUBSTANCE CONTENT FLYING ON SHELL ACTIVATED CARBON POWDER COCONUT WITH VARIATIONS IN ACTIVATION TEMPERATURE

Siti Putri Masyitah — 2023-12-28

This research aims to determine the characteristics of coconut shell activated carbon in powder and granular form using quantitative methods. Making activated carbon consists of preparation, carbonization and activation. Then the physical properties were tested and the analysic. Actived carbon is made through a carbonization stage at a temperature of 400°C for 2 hours and activation at a temperature of 800°C, 900°C, and 1000°C for 1 hour. The parameters used are air content and volatile substance content with active carbon quality requirements based on SNI No. 06-3730-1995. The research results showed that the best quality powdered activated carbon at a temperature of 1000°C with an air content of 6.4% and a volatile matter content of 15.2%

EFFECTIVENESS OF ARENA SHELL BRICKETS ON REDUCING WATER CONTENT AND DENSITY VALUE

Rani Saputri — 2023-12-28

Utilization of briquettes as an alternative biomass energy source is possible. Biomass is a renewable energy source that is becoming increasingly important throughout the world. This has the potential to reduce human dependence on fossil fuels. This research aims to determine the effectiveness of reducing the water content and density values of areca nut shell briquettes. The raw materials used in making briquettes are areca nut shells and arpus adhesive, with each percentage of material and adhesive composition, namely sample A (55% : 45%), sample B (60% : 40%), sample C (65% : 35%), and sample D (70% : 30%). The results of this research obtained a water content value of 6.36% - 4.82% and a density value of 0.534 g/cm3 - 0.599 g/cm3. This water content value meets SNI 01-6235-2000 regarding wood charcoal and these briquettes are suitable to be used as a substitute for charcoal on a household scale.